Особливості творення образу «позитивного героя» у прозі М. Томчанія

Abstract

У статті на матеріалі оповідань та романів трилогії «Жменяки» М. Томчанія проаналізовано особливості творення автором образу «нової» соціально активної особистості, поява якої в літературі була зумовлена потребами часу. З’ясовано, що для моделювання характеру позитивного героя письменник використовував деталізований зовнішній портрет, який сприяв розкриттю внутрішнього світу персонажа через особливості його зовнішності, інтонації, тембру мовлення тощо. Доведено, що завдяки таким художнім засобам як: художня деталь, аналіз внутрішнього світу героя через взаємні оцінки, внутрішнє мовлення, психологізм тощо, автору вдалося створити образ справжньої, живої людини із притаманними їй фізичними чи моральними вадами незалежно від її ідеологічної приналежності. The analysis of peculiarities of creating the author’s image of «new» socially active personality as well as the needs of his/her appearences in literature is made in the article.. It was found out that in order to simulate the character of a positive hero, the writer used a detailed external portrait, which contributed to the disclosure of the inner world of the character due to the features of its appearance, intonation, timbre, and the like. It has been proved that due to such artistic means as: the artistic detail, the analysis of the inner world of the hero through mutual evaluations, internal speech, psychology, etc., the author managed to create the image of a true, living person with its inherent physical or moral defects, regardless of its ideological affiliation. In the works of M. Tomchaniy, such an image most often occurs in his early works on the subject of the present, which are included in the collections of «Silk grass», «Transcarpathian stories», where the writer seeks to show the so-called «old-new» in the life of Transcarpathians. For example, in the story «On the Edge», the artist tries to reproduce the scum in the soul of the protagonist - from private psychology to collectivism, thus creating the essay character of a contemporary - a new person in the conditions of the existence of Transcarpathian lands within the Soviet Ukraine. Talking about the events of Holodne village in the story «Our Family», a prose writer through typical images of his contemporaries: a communist, chairman of the village council of Nytkulynitsa, school principal Oleg Chumak, head of the agricultural Holub, rural activist Mykhaylo Chekaniuk, is trying to recreate realistic pictures of the new time. However, the static nature of the plot, the conflictlessness and the ideological nature of these works deprive the image of the so-called «new man» of any livelihood. This is more of a tribute to the fashion, creative pursuit of the artist. Instead, in the prose of the 1960’s, the writer tries to rethink the type, considering it through the prism of the entire 19th-century ideals: humanism, creative work, and so on. «New» in his writings the artist wants to see people spiritually enriched, creatively gifted, hard-working.