Мотив фатуму у прозі Володимира Даниленка зі збірки «Сон із дзьоба стрижа»

Abstract

У статті на матеріалі прози зі збірки «Сон із дзьоба стрижа» В. Даниленка проаналізовано особливості функціонування мотиву фатуму у структурі художніх текстів митця. З’ясовано прикметні особливості творчості письменника, серед яких: поєднання побутових і фантастичних елементів, візії і реальної дійсності, тяжіння до сюрреалізму та магічного реалізму. Виявлено, що містичні настрої і фаталістичні події, які відбуваються у новелах збірки «Сон із дзьоба стрижа», посилюють ірреальність дійсності у якій існують персонажі. Послуговуючись екзистенційними категоріями абсурдності буття, страху, відчаю, самотності, страждання, смерті, автор моделює художній світ, у якому наскрізним є мотив фатуму, невідворотності долі. Ukrainian literature of the late 20 th – the beginning of the 21 th century is marked by the variety of creative searches of the artists of the word, which was expressed in the multifaceted disturbance of the problem, experimentation at the level of form and content, etc. Significant in the modern literary process is the work of V. Danylenko, a prose writer, a literary critic, a representative of the so-called Zhytomyr prose school. The author creates multi-level artistic texts, gives them deep lyricism and psychological subtext. In the prose of the artist skillfully combined household and fantastic elements, visions and reality, which testifies the writer’s attraction to surrealism and magical realism. The collection «A dream from a marlet’s beak» (2007) by V. Danylenko aroused interest among critics and ordinary readers. Exploring the poetics of the prose of this collection, literary scholars point to the surrealistic features of the prose of V. Danylenko, the symbolism of dream paintings and the originality of the combination of polar opposite motifs in the novels of the artist. The mystical sentiments and fatalistic events that take place in the novels «A dream from a marlet’s beak», reinforce the unreality of reality in which there are characters. Using the existential categories of the absurdity of being, fear, despair, loneliness, suffering, death, the author simulates the artistic world, in which there is the inevitability of fate. Fatum as an irrational force that predetermines human behavior, in particular the tragic consequences of actions presented in the story «The image with lemur». Unemployment in career and family life, the protagonist explains a predetermined for each person a fate that can not be changed. In the works of V. Danylenko, the fatum is mostly found by those who must be punished and become a kind of pay for the sins committed. The role of the verdict for treason fatum performs, for example, in the story «Man of Thunders». In the Ukrainian language, there are a number of synonyms for the word «fatum»: fate, disbelief, talent, lots. As in the ancient tragedy, where the gods performed the function of fate, in the prose of V. Danylenko, a man is depicted as a puppet in the hands of a puppet. This, in particular, is mentioned in the story «The boy with chicken legs», where the author enters this thesis in the mouth of his grandmother: «We are, my baby, big dolls in the hands of the Lord... Our enemies are the springs that drive us» (Danylenko, 2007: 229). Thus, the concept of «fatum» is known since the time of the ancient tragedy. In the literature, the term is borrowed from philosophy and is used to denote fate and its inevitability. Thanks to the fate motive in his writings, V. Danylenko seeks to reveal the tragedy and unpredictability of the fate of man, point out the importance of irrational factors in life.