«Письма о Киеве» М. Максимовича в контексті романтичної епістолярної традиції

Abstract

У статті в контексті романтичної епістолярної традиції проаналізовано епістолярний цикл М. Максимовича «Письма о Киеве». Зазначається, що поява циклу та його специфіка були зумовлені романтичними теоріями й концепціями. Мовиться про романтичне трактування листа як духовного феномену та проголошений романтикамикульт геніальної особистості. Доведено, що «Письма о Киеве» це зразок властиво романтичної жанрової суміші, створеної за законами романтичної поетики. Ідеться про фрагментарну композицію, ліричне начало, психологізм, алюзію як засіб вираження авторської інтенції в романтичній епістолі. In the article, an epistolary cycle «Letters about Kiev» by M. Maksymovych was analyzed as part of romantic epistolary tradition. It is mentioned that theemergence and unique features of the cycle weredetermined by romantic theories and conceptions. The article refers to the romantic interpretation of a letter as a spiritual phenomenon and the genius cult proclaimed by romanticists. In romanticists perception, archbishop, Innokentii (Borysov) was a genius. This fact motivated M. Maksymovych to address his correspondence. The article describes the specific character of romantic publishing used by Maksymovych as a romanticist. He had a scientific approach to letters and correspondence, and could not take liberties with the epistle text. M. Maksymovych s views on epistolary style are analyzed as well. The author mentions that in M. Maksymovych s perception, a letter is an artistic phenomenon, a literary genre closely related to certain literature period. At the same time, a letter is a source of biographical details, data for sender s spiritual biography. «Letters about Kiev» allow us not only to form an opinion about unique features of romantic epistolary theory and scientific publication practice, but also about romantic letters poetics according to which this epistolary cycle and each letter in it were created. It was proved that «Letters about Kiev» is romantic genre fusion written in agreement with romantic poetics. Each epistle from «Letters about Kiev» includes Kyiv descriptions, various author s remarks concerning these descriptions, quotes taken from different scientists works, V. Zhukovskyi s and M. Maksymovych s poetic fragments, Innokentii s (Borysov) letters to M. Maksymovych and M. Hohol excerpts. By publishing Innokentii's (Borysov) letters excerpts in «Letters about Kiev» the romanticist created an original genre fusion, so called letter in letter. Such liberties with letter structure were standardized by romantic theory. Not to mention that in such a way M. Maksymovych could react immediately to his readers interests. Romantic features of «Letters about Kiev» poetics include also lyric nature, psychologism, allusion and ironic views manifested by the author.