Education as main factor in the social development of Ukraine: historical experience of the period «Perestroika»

Abstract

In the nowadays globalizing world education has a comprehensive personality development. It forces us to think more broadly, to give ourselves the benefits of self-development and professional realization. The main purpose of education, in the broadest sense, is the ability to convey cultural heritage and values, help to form the correct socio-political and social position, socialize and adapt to the times. In the context of modern educational reform in Ukraine, this topic is extremely relevant, because, having gained independence in 1991, Ukraine received not only freedom but also the Soviet heritage, in particular, in the educational sphere, which must be taken into account to avoid mistakes in the future. A particular model of education was «declared» by scientific and educational workers during the «Perestroika» period, who, under their professional activities, were the moderators of the formation of the society at that time, mentality, worldview, and ideology. Educators were faced with the difficult task of adapting the educational process to the demands of time, in the conditions of socio-political reforms to find a new scientific and educational paradigm, the methodology of its implementation. Besides, scientific and educational figures on that day, on the one hand, were faithful Leninists, executors of the «top» instructions, builders of communist ideology, and on the other, represented a progressive and thinking part of a society that carried the light, constructivism, progress, free-thinking, a national idea, and so on.