Соціально-економічні та соціокультурні процеси в містах Наддніпрянської України в 1785–1917 рр.: історіографія

Abstract

У дисертації вперше в історичній науці здійснено комплексне історіографічне дослідження історії соціально-економічних та соціокультурних процесів в містах Наддніпрянської України в 1785–1917 рр. Проаналізовано основні етапи, напрями та особливості наукового розроблення проблеми, виявлено та проведено аналіз історіографічних праць, систематизовано й класифіковано джерельний комплекс, охарактеризовано теоретико-методологічні основи дослідження. З’ясовано погляди науковців на таку важливу та недостатньо досліджену методологічну проблему як наукове визначення поняття «місто», його типологія та функціональне призначення. Зроблено акцент на дослідженнях історії формування та еволюції міських самоврядних інституцій, фінансової діяльності органів міського самоврядування; охарактеризовано історіографію розвитку міської промисловості та торгівлі в містах Наддніпрянщини в окреслений період; розкрито ступінь дослідження основних міських станів – купецтва та міщанства, благодійну діяльність міської еліти. Визначено недостатньо вивчені аспекти теми та окреслено перспективні напрями подальших наукових досліджень. Analysis of historiographic research on the history of socio-economic and sociocultural processes in the cities of Dnieper Ukraine in 1785–1917. showed that this topic has not yet become the subject of a special generalizing historiographic study. Only some aspects of this complex problem have become the subject of research, necessitating its deep and comprehensive study. In the dissertation work, for the first time in historical science, the state and trends of more than 230-year research of the history of socio-economic and socio-cultural processes in the cities of Dnieper Ukraine in 1785-1917 are analyzed in detail. The leading stages, directions and specific features of the research of the topic are determined. Periodization of the problem is carried out in accordance with the development of historical thought and modern theoretical and methodological foundations of historiography. There are three main historiographic periods of scientific development of the problem: imperial – the end of the 18th – the beginning of the 20th century; Soviet – 1920s – 1991 and modern – 1991–2021, characterizing the priority trends in the historiography of the study of urban history. The dissertation revealed, analyzed, systematized and classified sources for the period from the last quarter of the 18th century to 2021, revealed their information potential. A wide range of new historiographic sources have been introduced into scientific circulation, on the basis of which the key aspects of the problem under study are considered. A wide range of sources made it possible to analyze the reflection in the scientific literature of the main directions of socio-economic and socio-cultural processes in the cities of the Dnieper region during the imperial period. The achievements of scientists in substantiating the conceptual foundations of the history of cities are characterized. The contribution of scientists to understanding the formation and evolution of urban self-government, socio-economic and socio-cultural development of cities is determined. The peculiarities of the historiographic interpretation of the problem in the scientific literature of the last quarter of the 18th – early 21st centuries and changes in its study at various historiographic stages have been clarified. The main factors that influenced the development of research on the problem raised have been determined. The achievements of scientists in substantiating the conceptual foundations of the history of cities have been established. The contribution of scientists to understanding the formation and evolution of urban self-government, socio-economic and socio-cultural development of cities is determined. The peculiarities of the historiographic interpretation of the problem in the scientific literature of the last quarter of the 18th – early 21st centuries and changes in its study at various historiographic stages have been clarified. The main factors that influenced the development of research on the problem raised have been determined. The practical significance of the dissertation work lies in the fact that the results obtained, substantiated conclusions and practical recommendations significantly expand modern knowledge of the history and historiography of socio-economic and socio-cultural processes in the cities of Dnieper Ukraine in 1785-1917. and, accordingly, will contribute to the intensification of research both on this issue and related and related topics. The provisions and conclusions of the dissertation work can be used in the lecture and methodological support of academic disciplines for applicants for higher education in the specialty "History and Archeology", in particular, "Historiography of the History of Ukraine", "Historical Regional Studies", "Historical Urban Studies", "Modern History of Ukraine" ... Among the least developed in historiography issues of the history of socio-economic and socio-cultural processes in the cities of the Dnieper Ukraine in 1785-1917, which require further study, the following are highlighted: issues of the formation and development of urban self-government; the place of city self-government bodies in the system of provincial and district power state structures; the relationship of city financial and public institutions; the daily routine of city government officials; clarification of their role in the social and cultural life of urban communities. Comprehensive historical and historiographic studies of the history of socio-economic processes in Ukrainian cities using comparative tools can be promising areas for further study of the problem raised; studios on the socio-cultural development of the urban society, in particular the everyday life of the townspeople, the mentality of the urban strata; study of the history of corporate merchant societies and self-government bodies of the merchant class; characteristics of the socio-psychological portrait of urban strata; intrafamily relations in a merchant and bourgeois family; traditions of family upbringing and education, values; organization of leisure and entertainment in the merchant and bourgeois environment.