кандидатські

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Browsing кандидатські by Author "Kotsur, L."

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    Національні меншини України в етнополітичних процесах наприкінці 1980-х – у 1990-х рр.
    (Лукашевич О. М., 2015-11-16) Коцур, Л. М.; Kotsur, L.
    Дисертаційна робота присвячена дослідженню процесів інтеграції національних меншин України в українську політичну націю, оцінці ефективності української етнополітики досліджуваного періоду та виробленні практичних рекомендацій владним органам у сфері етнополітичного менеджменту. Проаналізовано сучасний стан і ступінь вивченості проблеми в історіографії; розглянуто та класифіковано основні групи джерел; висвітлено закономірності і специфіку діяльності національних меншин України у громадсько-політичному, нормативно-правовому полі наприкінці 1980-х – у 1990-х рр. Досліджено вплив суспільно-політичного та економічного життя України наприкінці 1980-х – у 1990-х роках на політизацію національних меншин. Визначено ступінь зовнішньополітичних впливів на формування пріоритетів української етнополітики. Виявлено специфіку реформування державних органів, орієнтованих на втілення в життя рішень у сфері етнополіитки. Визначено головні напрямки співпраці організацій національних меншин різних регіонів України із владними структурами. Розроблено практичні рекомендації для владних органів з метою вдосконалення етнополітичного менеджменту та протидії сепаратизму на території України. This dissertation focuses on the study of integration of national minorities in Ukraine into Ukrainian political nation. The study presents an objective assessment of the effectiveness of Ukrainian ethno-political management. It elaborates a number of practical recommendations for authorities in the field of ethnic policy. The thesis reviews the most current research in the historiography concerning the problem of the politicization of national minorities in Ukraine. It presents a complex of main groups of sources such as archival documents, published research of both domestic and foreign scientists, newspaper and magazine periodicals. A number of methods of history, historiography, political science, nobeleology, sociology, social psychology, and statistics are employed. The study also involves analogy, comparative-historical, behavioral, content analysis, dialectical methods and others. A special group of methods includes game theory by John Forbes Nash, correlated equilibrium concept by Yisrael Aumann, Daniel Kahneman’s developments in the field of «affective forecasting» and hierarchy analysis method. The legal framework in the regulation of social and political activity of national minorities has been analyzed. Special attention is paid to the regulations in the late 1980s and early 1990s, which created conditions for the participation of national minorities in the political process. It has been found out which regulations governed international relations in the first years of independence Ukraine and how they influenced the politicization of ethnicity. The study displays the role and place of the Constitution of Ukraine in the life of national minorities and their attitude to the basic law of Ukraine. The process of realizing the interests of national minorities in the political life in Ukraine in the late 1980s and the 1990s of the twentieth century has been examined. The reasons for their participation in social and political movements of Ukraine in the late 1980s and the 1990s have been analyzed. The influence of economic factors on the political activity of ethnicity has been found out. The state of satisfying voting rights of national minorities and their participation in the formation of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine in the 1990s has been outlined. Electoral preferences of national minorities during the presidential elections in Ukraine have been explored. The study reveals the process of integration of national minorities into the political system of Ukraine in the 90s of the 20th century. It investigates main activities of national minorities in the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd convocation. It determines the specificity of national minorities in the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and collaboration with executive authorities. It displays a degree of foreign influence in shaping the priorities of Ukrainian ethnic policy. It shows the specificity of the reform of state institutions oriented toward implementation of solutions in the field of ethnic policy. It determines the basic directions of cooperation of national minorities in different regions of Ukraine with the authorities. The level of representation of minorities in local governments especially in places of their compact residence has been found out. As a result we have revealed that the politicization of ethnicity in Ukraine was caused by internal (socio-economic) and external factors (pressure from the Russian Federation). Because of the inability to adapt to new economic conditions the society felt more nostalgic for the Soviet past. Representatives of the Soviet authorities formed three major «zones of tension» to impede the sovereignty of Ukraine, the Crimea, the Carpathians and Donbas, where a significant number of national minorities was concentrated. The Russian Federation used national minorities for separatist activities and split Ukraine through the oppression of the Russian-speaking population. The study proves that there is no discrimination of national minorities in Ukraine. It analyzes basic forms of national minorities’ cooperation with public authorities, reflects high level of their participation in political, social, economic, spiritual and cultural life of the state. Sensible state policy promoted the involvement of national minorities to public authorities of the central, regional and local level to meet their interests and reduce the level of politicization. We examine disadvantages of ethnic policy in the regulation of international relations. It refers to the solution of the Crimean Tatars’ problem, prevention of separatist sentiment in the Crimea and Donbas among the Russian national minority. We developed practical recommendations for authorities to improve management and combating ethno-political separatism in Ukraine.